1. What is the Rule of Nines for Burns?

Definition: The Rule of Nines is a method to estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns by assigning percentages to different body regions.

Purpose: It helps medical professionals quickly assess burn severity and determine fluid resuscitation needs.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Rule of Nines formula:

Where:

• Head — 9% of total body surface area
• Each Arm — 9% (4.5% for anterior, 4.5% for posterior)
• Each Leg — 18% (9% for anterior, 9% for posterior)
• Front Torso — 18%
• Back Torso — 18%
• Genitals — 1%

Explanation: The percentages are based on the total body surface area for adults. For children, different percentages apply.

3. Importance of TBSA Calculation

Details: Accurate TBSA estimation is critical for determining fluid resuscitation needs, prognosis, and treatment planning for burn patients.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the percentage of each body region affected by burns. The calculator sums these values to provide the total body surface area affected.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is the Rule of Nines accurate for children?
A: No, children have different body proportions. The Lund-Browder chart is more accurate for pediatric patients.

Q2: What constitutes a major burn?
A: Generally, burns covering >20% TBSA in adults or >10% in children are considered major burns.

Q3: How is TBSA used in treatment?
A: The Parkland formula (4ml × %TBSA × weight in kg) is used to calculate fluid resuscitation needs in the first 24 hours.

Q4: What about partial thickness vs full thickness burns?
A: The Rule of Nines estimates total area affected. Depth of burns is assessed separately for treatment planning.

Q5: When should I use the palmar method instead?
A: For small burns (<15% TBSA), the patient's palm (including fingers) represents about 1% of their body surface area.